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Africa » Ethiopia - HOTELS

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    Ethiopia Country Information and Map

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Records By Category in Ethiopia

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List of Cities with records in Ethiopia

Ethiopia Country Information and Map

Country Map

    Introduction


    Unique among African countries, the ancient Ethiopian monarchy maintained its freedom from colonial rule, one exception being the Italian occupation of 1936-41. In 1974 a military junta, the Derg, deposed Emperor Haile SELASSIE (who had ruled since 1930) and established a socialist state. Torn by bloody coups, uprisings, wide-scale drought, and massive refugee problems, the regime was finally toppled by a coalition of rebel forces, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), in 1991. A constitution was adopted in 1994 and Ethiopia's first multiparty elections were held in 1995. A two and a half year border war with Eritrea ended with a peace treaty on 12 December 2000. Final demarcation of the boundary is currently on hold due to Ethiopian objections to an international commission's finding requiring it to surrender sensitive territory.


    Location


    Eastern Africa, west of Somalia


    Geographic coordinates


    8 00 N, 38 00 E


    Area


    total: 1,127,127 sq km water: 7,444 sq km land: 1,119,683 sq km


    Area - comparative


    slightly less than twice the size of Texas


    Land boundaries


    total: 5,328 km border countries: Djibouti 349 km, Eritrea 912 km, Kenya 861 km, Somalia 1,600 km, Sudan 1,606 km


    Coastline


    0 km (landlocked)


    Maritime claims


    none (landlocked)


    Climate


    tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation


    Terrain


    high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley


    Elevation extremes


    lowest point: Denakil Depression -125 m highest point: Ras Dejen 4,620 m


    Natural resources


    small reserves of gold, platinum, copper, potash, natural gas, hydropower


    Land use


    arable land: 9.9% permanent crops: 0.65% other: 89.45% (1998 est.)


    Irrigated land


    1,900 sq km (1998 est.)


    Natural hazards


    geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts


    Environment - current issues


    deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; water shortages in some areas from water-intensive farming and poor management


    Environment - international agreements


    party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea


    Geography - note


    landlocked - entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993; the Blue Nile, the chief headstream of the Nile by water volume, rises in T'ana Hayk (Lake Tana) in northwest Ethiopia; three major crops are believed to have originated in Ethiopia: coffee, grain sorghum, and castor bean


    Population


    67,851,281 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.)


    Capital


    Addis Ababa


    Phone Code


    +251


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