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Africa » Libya - HOTELS

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    Libya Country Information and Map

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Records By Category in Libya

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List of Cities with records in Libya

Libya Country Information and Map

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    Introduction


    From the earliest days of his rule following his 1969 military coup, Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI has espoused his own political system, the Third Universal Theory. The system is a combination of socialism and Islam derived in part from tribal practices and is supposed to be implemented by the Libyan people themselves in a unique form of "direct democracy." QADHAFI has always seen himself as a revolutionary and visionary leader. He used oil funds during the 1970s and 1980s to promote his ideology outside Libya, supporting subversives and terrorists abroad to hasten the end of Marxism and capitalism. In addition, beginning in 1973, he engaged in military operations in northern Chad's Aozou Strip to gain access to minerals and to use as a base of influence in Chadian politics. Chadian forces were able to force the Libyans to retreat from the Aozou Strip in 1987. UN sanctions in the 1990s isolated QADHAFI politically following the downing of Pan AM Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland. Later, when QADHAFI found that he could not easily break free of the sanctions and when he realized that Arab nations were lukewarm to his many unusual political initiatives, he turned his attention to Africa where he achieved mixed success at influence-building. Libyan support for terrorism appears to have decreased after UN sanctions were imposed in 1992. During the 1990s QADHAFI also began to rebuild his relationships with Europe. UN sanctions were suspended in April 1999 and finally lifted in September 2003 after Libya resolved the Lockerbie case. In December 2003, Libya announced that it had agreed to reveal and end its programs to develop weapons of mass destruction.


    Location


    Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Tunisia


    Geographic coordinates


    25 00 N, 17 00 E


    Area


    total: 1,759,540 sq km water: 0 sq km land: 1,759,540 sq km


    Area - comparative


    slightly larger than Alaska


    Land boundaries


    total: 4,348 km border countries: Algeria 982 km, Chad 1,055 km, Egypt 1,115 km, Niger 354 km, Sudan 383 km, Tunisia 459 km


    Coastline


    1,770 km


    Maritime claims


    territorial sea: 12 NM note: Gulf of Sidra closing line - 32 degrees, 30 minutes north


    Climate


    Mediterranean along coast; dry, extreme desert interior


    Terrain


    mostly barren, flat to undulating plains, plateaus, depressions


    Elevation extremes


    lowest point: Sabkhat Ghuzayyil -47 m highest point: Bikku Bitti 2,267 m


    Natural resources


    petroleum, natural gas, gypsum


    Land use


    arable land: 1.03% permanent crops: 0.17% other: 98.8% (1998 est.)


    Irrigated land


    4,700 sq km (1998 est.)


    Natural hazards


    hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms


    Environment - current issues


    desertification; very limited natural fresh water resources; the Great Manmade River Project, the largest water development scheme in the world, is being built to bring water from large aquifers under the Sahara to coastal cities


    Environment - international agreements


    party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea


    Geography - note


    more than 90% of the country is desert or semidesert


    Population


    5,631,585 note: includes 166,510 non-nationals (July 2004 est.)


    Capital


    Tripoli


    Phone Code


    +218


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