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Africa » Mauritania - HOTELS

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    Mauritania Country Information and Map

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Records By Category in Mauritania

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List of Cities with records in Mauritania

Mauritania Country Information and Map

Country Map

    Introduction


    Independent from France in 1960, Mauritania annexed the southern third of the former Spanish Sahara (now Western Sahara) in 1976, but relinquished it after three years of raids by the Polisario guerrilla front seeking independence for the territory. Opposition parties were legalized and a new constitution approved in 1991. Two multiparty presidential elections since then were widely seen as flawed, but October 2001 legislative and municipal elections were generally free and open. Mauritania remains, in reality, a one-party state. The country continues to experience ethnic tensions between its black minority population and the dominant Maur (Arab-Berber) populace.


    Location


    Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Senegal and Western Sahara


    Geographic coordinates


    20 00 N, 12 00 W


    Area


    total: 1,030,700 sq km land: 1,030,400 sq km water: 300 sq km


    Area - comparative


    slightly larger than three times the size of New Mexico


    Land boundaries


    total: 5,074 km border countries: Algeria 463 km, Mali 2,237 km, Senegal 813 km, Western Sahara 1,561 km


    Coastline


    754 km


    Maritime claims


    territorial sea: 12 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


    Climate


    desert; constantly hot, dry, dusty


    Terrain


    mostly barren, flat plains of the Sahara; some central hills


    Elevation extremes


    lowest point: Sebkhet Te-n-Dghamcha -5 m highest point: Kediet Ijill 915 m


    Natural resources


    iron ore, gypsum, copper, phosphate, diamonds, gold, oil, fish


    Land use


    arable land: 0.48% permanent crops: 0.01% other: 99.51% (1998 est.)


    Irrigated land


    490 sq km (1998 est.)


    Natural hazards


    hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind blows primarily in March and April; periodic droughts


    Environment - current issues


    overgrazing, deforestation, and soil erosion aggravated by drought are contributing to desertification; very limited natural fresh water resources away from the Senegal, which is the only perennial river


    Environment - international agreements


    party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


    Geography - note


    most of the population concentrated in the cities of Nouakchott and Nouadhibou and along the Senegal River in the southern part of the country


    Population


    2,998,563 (July 2004 est.)


    Capital


    Nouakchott


    Phone Code


    +222


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