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North America » Mexico - HOTELS

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    Mexico Country Information and Map

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Records By Category in Mexico

Hotels

(97)

Mexico Country Information and Map

Country Map

    Introduction


    The site of advanced Amerindian civilizations, Mexico came under Spanish rule for three centuries before achieving independence early in the 19th century. A devaluation of the peso in late 1994 threw Mexico into economic turmoil, triggering the worst recession in over half a century. The nation continues to make an impressive recovery. Ongoing economic and social concerns include low real wages, underemployment for a large segment of the population, inequitable income distribution, and few advancement opportunities for the largely Amerindian population in the impoverished southern states. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time since the 1910 Mexican Revolution that the opposition defeated the party in government, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Vicente FOX of the National Action Party (PAN) was sworn in on 1 December 2000 as the first chief executive elected in free and fair elections.


    Location


    Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, between Belize and the US and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and the US


    Geographic coordinates


    23 00 N, 102 00 W


    Area


    total: 1,972,550 sq km land: 1,923,040 sq km water: 49,510 sq km


    Area - comparative


    slightly less than three times the size of Texas


    Land boundaries


    total: 4,353 km border countries: Belize 250 km, Guatemala 962 km, US 3,141 km


    Coastline


    9,330 km


    Maritime claims


    territorial sea: 12 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM contiguous zone: 24 NM


    Climate


    varies from tropical to desert


    Terrain


    high, rugged mountains; low coastal plains; high plateaus; desert


    Elevation extremes


    lowest point: Laguna Salada -10 m highest point: Volcan Pico de Orizaba 5,700 m


    Natural resources


    petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber


    Land use


    arable land: 13.2% permanent crops: 1.1% other: 85.7% (1998 est.)


    Irrigated land


    65,000 sq km (1998 est.)


    Natural hazards


    tsunamis along the Pacific coast, volcanoes and destructive earthquakes in the center and south, and hurricanes on the Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean coasts


    Environment - current issues


    scarcity of hazardous waste disposal facilities; rural to urban migration; natural fresh water resources scarce and polluted in north, inaccessible and poor quality in center and extreme southeast; raw sewage and industrial effluents polluting rivers in urban areas; deforestation; widespread erosion; desertification; deteriorating agricultural lands; serious air and water pollution in the national capital and urban centers along US-Mexico border; land subsidence in Valley of Mexico caused by groundwater depletion note: the government considers the lack of clean water and deforestation national security issues


    Environment - international agreements


    party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements


    Geography - note


    strategic location on southern border of US; corn (maize), one of the world's major grain crops, is thought to have originated in Mexico


    Population


    104,959,594 (July 2004 est.)


    Capital


    Mexico (Distrito Federal)


    Phone Code


    +52


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